This chapter has to do with idols and the eating of food sacrificed to idols. We learn that idols are nothing.
As concerning therefore the eating of those things that are offered in sacrifice unto idols, we know that an idol is nothing in the world, and that there is none other God but one. (1 Cor. 8:4)
There is no God but one, so whether we eat or we do not it doesn’t make a difference.
But meat commendeth us not to God: for neither, if we eat, are we the better; neither, if we eat not, are we the worse. (1 Cor. 8:8)
In those days it was the custom among Greeks to sacrifice to an idol, then sell the left over meat on the market. This means that inadvertently a person may end up eating meat which was sacrificed to an idol. Paul instructs us though to not be a stumbling block for weaker believers. The reclining at table in a temple and/or the eating of meat sacrificed to an idol may cause those with less knowledge to do that which they shouldn’t.
Notice the wording here is quite strong. When you prove to be a stumbling block to a brother you not only sin, but you sin against Lord Jesus himself.
The last verse reveals Paul’s intention to not eat meat.
Wherefore, if meat make my brother to offend, I will eat no flesh while the world standeth, lest I make my brother to offend. (1 Cor. 8:13)
In Genesis it is revealed that God made all living things for the sake of man, so therefore the eating of meat is no sin. I think most of us aren’t in a similar situation like Paul, so no guilty conscious is needed when partaking of meat. I don’t think most people take their meals in temples, and the meat you buy from a grocery store probably wasn’t intended as a sacrifice.